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Employment law

Wage theft calculator

Wage theft includes unpaid overtime, off-the-clock work, illegal deductions, and paying below minimum wage. This calculator estimates your unpaid wages and the liquidated damages you may be entitled to recover under federal law - often doubling your actual unpaid amount.

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Estimate only. Wage and hour law includes many state-specific variations, exemption rules, and calculation methods. This tool provides a general estimate under federal FLSA rules - an employment attorney confirms your exact damages and applicable state law. See our full disclaimer.

Unpaid wages and overtime calculator

Your pay information

If salaried, divide your weekly salary by your normal weekly hours to estimate an hourly rate.

Unpaid overtime

Hours worked over 40/week that weren't paid at 1.5x rate.

Off-the-clock work and other unpaid time

Pre-shift setup, post-shift cleanup, work during unpaid breaks, or "clocked out" tasks.

Illegal deductions or unpaid final wages

Uniform costs, cash register shortages, broken equipment charges, or other deductions that dropped your pay below minimum wage.
Amount still owed from your last paycheck after leaving the job.

Your estimated unpaid wages

Talk to a wage and hour attorney - free

A wage and hour attorney confirms your exact classification, calculates precise damages using your actual pay records, and can file a Department of Labor complaint or lawsuit on your behalf. Many wage theft attorneys work on contingency.

Confidential. No obligation. Many attorneys work on contingency.

What counts as wage theft?

Wage theft covers several distinct violations: unpaid overtime (not paying 1.5x for hours over 40/week for non-exempt employees), off-the-clock work (requiring tasks before clocking in or after clocking out), minimum wage violations, illegal deductions that drop pay below minimum wage, tip theft or improper tip pooling, and misclassifying employees as independent contractors or exempt to avoid overtime obligations.

Misclassification is one of the most common and financially significant forms of wage theft. Being labeled "exempt" or an "independent contractor" doesn't make it true - courts and the Department of Labor look at the actual nature of the work, not just the label your employer used. Being paid a salary alone doesn't make you exempt from overtime; specific job duties tests must also be satisfied.

If your wage theft situation is connected to a termination, check the wrongful termination screener - retaliation for complaining about wage violations is illegal and may support an additional claim.

What is misclassification and why does it matter so much?

To be legally exempt from overtime, an employee generally must be paid a minimum salary threshold (which increases periodically) AND perform specific job duties defined by regulation - executive, administrative, or professional duties involving genuine independent judgment and discretion. Simply having a manager title doesn't make someone exempt if their actual daily work is largely the same non-exempt tasks as the people they supposedly supervise.

Independent contractor misclassification is separately problematic - if your employer controls your schedule, provides your tools and training, and treats you like an employee in every practical sense while calling you a contractor, you may actually be a misclassified employee entitled to overtime, minimum wage, and other protections regardless of what your contract says.

What are liquidated damages and how do they double your recovery?

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), employees who prevail on unpaid overtime or minimum wage claims are generally entitled to "liquidated damages" equal to the amount of unpaid wages - effectively doubling the recovery. This is meant to compensate for the practical harm of not having wages when they were due, and to deter employer violations.

Employers can avoid liquidated damages only by proving they acted in good faith and had reasonable grounds to believe their pay practices complied with the law - a defense that's often difficult for employers to establish, particularly when the violation involves a common practice like off-the-clock work or systematic overtime avoidance.

Frequently asked questions

Under the federal FLSA, the statute of limitations is generally 2 years, extended to 3 years if the violation was "willful" (meaning the employer knew or showed reckless disregard for whether its pay practices violated the law). Many states have their own wage and hour laws with longer statutes of limitations - some extend to 4 or even 6 years. If your state law provides a longer period and better remedies than federal law, an attorney can pursue the state law claim to maximize your recovery period.
No - retaliation for asserting wage and hour rights, including simply asking questions about pay practices or filing a complaint, is illegal under the FLSA and most state wage laws. If you're terminated, demoted, or otherwise punished after raising wage concerns, this may constitute a separate retaliation claim with its own damages, in addition to the underlying unpaid wage claim. Document the timeline between your wage complaint and any adverse action carefully.
No. Employees cannot waive their right to minimum wage and overtime under the FLSA - even if you "agreed" to work off the clock, volunteered to skip breaks, or were told it was "just how things work here," the employer remains legally obligated to pay for all hours actually worked. This is one of the most important protections in wage and hour law: the right to be paid for hours worked cannot be signed away, verbally waived, or set aside by mutual agreement between employee and employer.
Pay stubs, time records (your own notes if the employer didn't provide accurate ones), schedules, text messages or emails discussing hours or pay, and any employee handbook describing pay policies are all valuable. If your employer failed to keep accurate time records (which is itself an FLSA violation), courts often allow employees to establish damages through reasonable estimates based on their own recollection and any available evidence - the employer's failure to maintain proper records generally doesn't defeat your claim, it just shifts the burden of proof.
The Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division allows you to file a complaint, and while your identity is generally protected during the investigation process, complete anonymity isn't always guaranteed, particularly if the case proceeds to litigation. Many workers file complaints as a group (multiple employees with the same employer) which can strengthen the case and sometimes qualify for collective or class action treatment, potentially recovering damages for many affected employees at once rather than pursuing an individual claim alone.

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